There are several contraceptives or birth control methods, but a method that is suitable for one person may not be so for someone else. So, it is important to do some research and consult a doctor for guidance on which contraceptive suits one’s requirements and pocket. Here’s a list of some of the most popular and effective methods of contraception:

• Oral contraceptives: These contraceptives contain the hormones progestin and estrogen and need to be taken regularly by women to prevent ovulation. It is among the most popular and effective methods of contraception.
• IUD: IUD or intrauterine device is a small T-shaped device placed in the uterus to prevent pregnancy. This contraception method is long-term and reversible, and it can also be used for emergency contraception. If a copper IUD is put in within five days of unprotected intercourse, it can prevent a pregnancy. Also, a copper IUD can provide effective birth control for up to 12 years.
• Birth control shot: Also known as Depo shot or Depo-Provera, it contains the hormone progestin that prevents ovulation and pregnancy. The birth control shot also makes the cervical mucus thicker, preventing the sperm from getting through it, and it is one of the most effective methods of contraception.
• Birth control implant: In this method, a tiny, thin rod is inserted under the skin of a woman’s upper arm. This rod releases the hormone progestin that stops the eggs from leaving the ovaries and thickens the mucus in the cervix, preventing the sperm from reaching the egg. The implant is effective for up to 5 years and is reversible, so a woman can get it removed if she wants to conceive.
• Cervical cap: This is a small silicone cup shaped like a sailor’s hat, and it covers the cervix and prevents the sperms from reaching the egg. The cap should be used with spermicide or a gel or cream that kills sperms; the use of spermicide makes this birth control method more effective.
• Birth control patch: This is one of the safest, easiest, and most effective methods of contraception. The patch is worn on the body, and it gradually releases hormones through the skin to help prevent pregnancy. The hormones estrogen and progestin in the patch help stop ovulation and also prevent the sperm from reaching the egg. They also make the cervix mucus thicker to block the sperm from entering.
• Condom: They are available for both men and women, but male condoms are the most commonly used birth control method. They prevent pregnancy and also some types of sexually transmitted diseases.

Apart from these, one can opt for a vaginal ring, a diaphragm, and spermicide for effective birth control. It’s advisable to weigh the pros and cons of different methods and make a selection accordingly.